金納米粒結合激光可治療膀胱癌

　　導讀：美國癌癥研究聯合會會議上，來自美國科羅拉多大學的研究人員發表了一項研究報告，公布了他們利用金納米粒進行治療膀胱癌的研究結果。膀胱癌細胞經常會高表達表皮生長因子（EGFR），因此研究人員通過將金納米粒靶向識別EGFR來將其附著在膀胱癌細胞上，然后再利用激光加熱。這些熱量能夠有效殺滅大量附著金納米粒的癌癥細胞而對正常組織的傷害則并不明顯。根據研究人員公布的動物實驗顯示，采用這種療法的16只小鼠中有13只病情出現了不同程度的緩解。而對照組中只有兩只小鼠病情未出現惡化。盡管如此，研究人員表示，這還僅僅是一項初步研究結果，距離進入臨床研究還有很長一段路要走。

　　詳細英文報道：

　　In a study presented at the American Association for Cancer Research in San Diego this week, researchers from the University of Colorado described a cancer-killing method that uses gold nanorods to target tumor cells in the bladder.

　　Bladder cancer cells have an abundance of the protein epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the UC Cancer Center wrote in a blog post, and the researchers exploited this fact with gold nanoparticles designed to find and attach specifically to these proteins. Their shape--long and thin as opposed to spherical--allows them to stick more readily to the EGFRs.

　　Once the nanorods are attached, the scientists used a specially tuned laser to heat the nanorods from the outside. This heat is enough to kill the cancer cells with the nanorods on their surface but not enough to harm surrounding healthy tissue.

　　These early-stage bladder cancers aren''t necessarily addicted to EGFR--they don''t need it to survive or grow like many EGFR-dependent cancers and so using a drug to cut off this supply of EGFR doesn''t do much good, said clinical investigations medical director Thomas Flaig in a statement. However, the overexpression of EGFR marks these cells. Our approach depends only on recognizing and exploiting this marker.

　　In a mouse study, mice given the treatment showed no disease progression and 13 out of 16 mice had disease reduction, according to the blog post. Half of the mice treated only with the laser showed disease progression, and only two demonstrated a reduction in cancer cells.

　　It''s not as far from human application as it might seem, Flaig said. We already treat bladder cancer patients with liquid-based drugs introduced into the bladder, and then patients are scoped regularly. You can see the pathway into clinical use. Instead of or in addition to drugs commonly in use, we could introduce engineered nanoparticles, and then the scope could easily transmit laser.

　　膀胱癌如何治療？膀胱癌的治療藥物可以選擇：泰勒寧、阿魏化痞膏、艾諾克等藥物進行輔助治療的。

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　　腫瘤科藥師溫馨提醒：膀胱癌的發病是一個多因素混合、多基因參與、多步驟形成的過程，異常基因型的積累加上外在環境的作用終導致惡性表型的出現。

TAG：膀胱癌 腫瘤